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Thomas Harris (aviator)
Thomas Harris (died 25 May 1824) was a pioneering English balloonist who was killed in an accident. There is little information about his early career, but he invented the gas discharge valve, a device to release all the gas in a gas balloon to prevent the balloon from dragging after landing.〔L. T. C. Rolt, ''The Balloonists'' (Sutton Publishing Ltd, 1966; ISBN 0-7509-4202-9), pp. 115–116〕
==Life==
Thomas Harris was an inventive London scientist and held the military rank of Lieutenant.〔〔Lynn Poole, ''Ballooning in the space age'' (Whittlesey House, 1958), p. 51〕 He exhibited a hydrogen balloon at the Royal Tennis Court in Great Windmill Street, Haymarket, in the spring of 1824. While not a professional aeronaut, he may have planned to become one.〔
In 1823, Harris made successful experiments on the River Thames with a view to preventing ships from being struck by lightning.〔'Aerostation: Death of Mr. Harris', in ''The Literary Gazette: a weekly journal'', vol. 8, (p. 362 )〕
Harris invented the first mechanism for emptying a balloon canopy of gas or hot air, thus reducing the drag on landing.〔David Iggulden, ''Hot Air Ballooning'' (Oxford Illustrated Press, 1991) p. 99〕 He designed a double valve, located at the top of the balloon bag, with a small valve fitted inside a larger one. One was for releasing the gases slowly, the other quickly.〔 Harris commented that "The science of aerostation has lately fallen into much decay and been the subject of ridicule through the total want of invention".〔Charles Harvard Gibbs-Smith, ''A history of flying'' (Batsford, 1953), p. 128〕
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